Lecture Sheet for Paragraphs
Class- J.S.C / S.S.C / H.S.C
Arif Khandakar, M.A
(English), Mobile: 01717-446139
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(01) A Winter Morning
There
are six seasons in Bangladesh. Winter is one of them. The morning in the winter
is called winter morning. A winter morning is very misty and cold. In winter
dew drops on grasses and trees at night. Every thing is covered with dense fog.
Sometimes the fog is so dense that the sun rays can not get through it.
Everything seems to be hazy from a little distance. Bird’s chirping is not
heard. Cows and other animals can not come out. In winter the nights are long
and the days are short. The people get up late from the bed. Then they enjoy
the winter morning in many ways. They put on warm cloth, gather straws or
leaves and make fire to warm themselves. Children and old people bask in the
sun. Besides, the people enjoy the winter morning happily by eating various
kinds of delicious cakes, date juice, pais, breads and other items. It may be
noted that the poor suffer much in winter and the rich enjoy the winter with
much pleasure. In fine, in spite of having some demerits in winter it is a
pleasant morning to most of the people.
(02) A Moonlit Night
A
moonlit night is such a night when the moon gives us light fully. It is very
charming and enjoyable to all. It presents a beautiful sight to us. It dazzles
our eyes and soothes our heart. In a moonlit night the moon seems to us like a
disk of silver. The moon bathes the whole world with her silvery light. The
sparkling stars twinkle around the moon. The surface of water in the rivers,
ponds and seas glitter in the light of the moon. They seem to laugh. The whole
nature looks bright and appears in divine light. People of all ages enjoy a
moonlit night. It is the most pleasant to a newly married couple and lovers.
All kinds of people prefer to gossip in the moonlit night. It takes us to the
world of imagination. We all like to imagine. It also inspires the poets of all
languages to praise highly of a moonlit night. Most of the poets write romantic
poems in the moonlit night. In fine, a moonlit night is very pleasant which
attracts any person by her unparalleled beauty.
(03) A School Library
A
school library is a library where the students and teachers of a school can
read and borrow books. A library satisfies our eternal knowledge of the unknown and the unseen. AA library is a part and parcel of a school. It is
also a store-house of knowledge. It helps a person to satisfy his thirst for
knowledge. No school is complete without a library. Our school has a big
library. It is situated in a separate building. The library has a good
collection of different books. The library is divided into two parts. One is
reading room and another is librarian room. In reading room there are some
chairs, tables or benches to sit. In the librarian room there are many almirahs
and shelves . Books are arranged in shelves according to subjects. We can borrow books
after two weeks from the library.
Because of having a good collection of books the students and the teachers of
the school can read books and make notes according to their choice. In fact, we
are really proud of our school library
(04) A School Magazine
A school magazine is a kind of periodical
publication. It is such a magazine which contains the writings of the students
and the teachers of a school. It is a part and parcel of a school. Almost every
well-established school publishes a school magazine every year. It reveals the
creative genius of both students and teachers. To publish a magazine is not an
easy task. At first, a committee is formed for publishing the magazine. Then
the committee asks the learners and the teachers to send their writings. After
that, the editor corrects the writings. They select the best publishable
writings. A school magazine contains short stories, poems, essays, verses,
jokes, riddles and other writings related to studies, sports and cultural
activities of the school. It often contains album of photography. It also
contains messages from the headmaster, assistant headmaster and the chairman of
the school managing committee. A school
magazine can play a vital role in improving the young learner’s habit of
reading and writing. It can develop the students’ interest in literature. It
stimulates
(RvwM‡q †Zvjv) their imagination and develops
their creative powers. It is a mirror of the school. It adds to the glory and
honor of the school.
(05) A Tea Stall
A tea stall is a small shop where hot tea and other
things are sold for the passers-by. It is a common place to all classes of
people. It is usually found at the turn of the road, bus stands, railway
stations, Bazer or even beside an office where the common people are available.
It opens early in the morning and closes at late night. Biscuits, bread, bananas,
betel leaf and different kinds of handmade snacks are available there. In a tea
stall there are some benches and
tables. A boy is employed in a tea stall to serve the customers. Different kind
of young boys and old people come to a tea stall. Even sometime youg girls with
their boy friends and couple are seen in a tea- stall. Actually a tea stall is
a gathering and noisy place. Those boys and people who come here usually do not
leave the place immediately after taking a cup of tea. They refresh themselves
with a cup. They make a storm over a cup of tea. In a tea stall they mainly
talk about games and sports, politics, and current affairs of our country. This
is why it is called a Mini Sangsad. Intact, a tea stall is n an important place
of social gathering. It is also a place of charm for the common people and
boys. So the popularity of a tea stall is increasing day by day.
(06) Load Shedding
Load shedding means the discontinuity of supply of electricity for short or
long time. Nowadays it has become a part of our daily life. There are many
reasons for load shedding. The insufficient production of electricity is the
main reason of it. Misuse and illegal connection of electricity are the other
reasons of it. It occurs mostly at night because the demand of electricity is
more than in the daytime. The bad effects of load shedding are beyond
description. It creates problem in the socio-economic development of the
country. Mills and factories, shops, hospitals etc. become paralyzed due to
load shedding. The sufferings of the students know no bounds. They sit in the
darkness closing their books during the load shedding. They suffer a lot of if
it occurs in the time of their examination. The patients also suffer terribly
because operation stops in hospitals for load shedding. Load shedding at night
also encourages the thieves. However, this problem should be solved at any
cost. The concerned authority must take necessary steps to stop it. More power
stations should be established. Illegal connection and system loss should also
be stopped. After all, there is no alternative to be conscious about the misuse
of electricity.
07 Traffic Jam
Traffic jam means a long line of different kinds of
vehicles. It is a common sight in our country. It is one of the major problems
of modern time. This problem is created by the rapid growth of population and
the increasing number of vehicles. It occurs almost all the district towns
where a lot of vehicles play everyday. Especially it occurs near bus stand,
railway crossing, in front of a school or a college and turn of a road, at the
junction of various roads or near a market. It occurs mainly in the morning and
afternoon on working days when everyday body tries to attend office in short
time or returns home as early as possible. Actually traffic jam occurs
seriously at office and school time. The
causes of traffic jam are many. The roads of our country are very narrow. There
are many unlicenced vehicles in our country. The drivers are not willing to
obey traffic rules. They want to drive according to their freedom. As a result,
traffic jam is created. Traffic jam is very harmful for our life. It kills our
valuable time and our works are hampered widely. It causes great sufferings to
the ambulance carrying dying patients and the fire brigade vehicles. However,
this problem can be solved by taking some steps. Our government should
construct spacious roads. One way movement of vehicles should be introduced.
Traffic rules should be imposed strictly so that the drivers are bound to obey traffic rules.
Sufficient traffic police should be posted on important points. Finally
unlicenced vehicles should be removed. In fact, traffic jam is very harmful for
every nation. By doing the above things, we can be free from traffic jam.
(08) Early Rising
Early
rising means the habit of getting up from the bed in the morning. It is a very
good habit. It is essential and good for our health. It is the most important
for the students. It helps us in many ways. The student who rises early in the
morning can take some exercises or walk in the morning fresh air and study more
attentively. The morning air refreshes both body and mind. It also makes body
strong and healthy. He can enjoy the beauty of nature in the early morning.
Nature smiles in the morning with clourful flowers and leaves. Even bird’s
chirping is heard in the morning. The beautiful gifts and colourful nature in
the morning remind us of the creator. He feels to pray to God. An early riser
has many advantages. He can start his daily work earlier. He gets a lot of time
to complete his lessons. In fine, early rising is beneficial to all. The habit
of early rising is the source of good health, wealth and wisdom. An English
proverb says,
“Early
to bed and early to rise
Makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise”
So,
everybody should practise early rising.
(09) Our National Flag
A
national flag means a flag which a country achieves / gains by independence. It
is the symbol of a nation. To gain independence a country has to struggle a
lot. However, Bangladesh is an independent country. We have a national flag
like other free countries. It reminds us the freedom fighters of our country
who has dedicated their lives for our country. Our national flag is made by
cotton or silk. Its shape is rectangular and it is 10: 6 in proportion. It may
be different sizes according to its use. The flag is hoisted everyday in
government buildings and educational institutions. It is hoisted everywhere in
our country on 16 December, 26 March and 21 February. Our national flag has two
colours- green and red. The green colour is the symbol of youth and the red
colour is the symbol of the sacrifices of freedom fighters. We salute the
national flag and respect our freedom fighters with much respect. In fact, we
are really proud of it.
(10) A Railway Station
A
railway station stand is a place from where service trains stop and start for
the passengers in a fixed time. A great number of trains touch the railway
station at different hours of the day and night. It is a part and parcel of train
communication of a country. From here trains
go for various destinations and trains come here from different places. A railway
station is a busy and noisy place. It remains crowed almost at all hours of the
day. There are some ticket counters in a railway station. People are found
standing to buy tickets in a long line. There are bookstalls, book-sellers and waiting
rooms in a rail way station. Around a rail
way station some stationary shops, restaurants, saloons, book-stalls and
tea-stalls are found. Even magazines and seasonal fruits are also sold here.
Besides, rickshaws, vans, auto-rickshaws are seen standing for the passengers.
The passengers wait impatiently for the trains in the rail way station. When
the train reaches at the station, the place becomes very busy and noisy. At
this moment some potters come out, some hawkers cry out to sell their goods and
some beggars sing for begging. The passengers are found getting down from the
train and getting into the train. Actually a railway station is a very noisy
and dirty place. In spite of being a noisy and dirty place it helps us in many
ways. In fact, it is a useful place. It plays an important role in
communication of a country.
(11) A Bus Stand
A
bus stand is a place from where service buses stop and start for the passengers
in a fixed time. A great number of up and down buses touch the stand at
different hours of the day and night. It is a part and parcel of bus
communication of a country. It is generally situated besides the roadside. From
here buses go for various destinations and buses come here from different
places. A bus stand is a busy and noisy place. It remains crowed almost at all
hours of the day. There are some ticket counters in a bus stand. People are
found standing to buy tickets in a long line. Around a bus stand some
stationary shops, restaurants, saloons, book-stalls and tea-stalls are found.
Even magazines and seasonal fruits are also sold here. Besides, rickshaws,
vans, auto-rickshaws are seen standing for the passengers. The passengers wait
impatiently for the buses in the bus stand. When the buses come and buses go,
it looks very noisy. At this moment some hawkers cry out to sell their goods
and some beggars sing for begging. Actually a bus stand is a very noisy and
dirty place. In spite of being a noisy and dirty place it helps us in many
ways. In fact, a bus stand is a useful place. A bus stand plays an important role
in communication of a country.
(12) The Postman
The man who delivers letters, parcels, and money
orders from door to door is called a postman. A postman is a very familiar
person in our country. He is very punctual and dutiful. The works of a postman begin
in the morning. He wears a khaki uniform and b lack shoes. He carries a bag
across his shoulders containing letters, parcels and money orders and other
postal articles. He is very useful to the people and his work is very important
and responsible. He goes from one house to another to deliver letters, money
orders and other postal articles to the proper addresses. A postman can make us
both happy and unhappy. When he brings letters of good news, we become very
happy. Again if he brings letters of good news, we become shocked. He renders
and great service to the society. He is such a great friend to us. We all
expect his nock on the door. He behaves very friendly with all. The economic
condition of a postman is very miserable. Though he works very hard he gets a
very small salary. With his poor income, he cannot maintain his family
decently. So he leads a miserable life. There is no doubt that he serves the society
as well as the country greatly in the field of postal communication. He should
be given good salary so that he can lead a better life and serve us well.
(13) A day laborer
A day labour is a person who works all day long for
earning his living. He is a common figure in our society. He and
his family depend on his daily income.
He does not have any permanent work. He usually earns his daily living by doing
hard work. He gets up early in the morning and goes out in quest of work. He does different types
of jobs such as carrying bricks, wood, stones, mud and digging ponds,
constructing of roads, buildings etc. He works hard from morning to evening. He gets
his wages at the end of the work. Then he goes to bazar to buy his daily
necessaries. He has to work hard in various fields. He is always dependent on
his employer. When he earns much money, he and his family can eat well. It is a
happy day for them. If he does not find any work, he and his family have to go
without food. So the life of a day labour is very miserable. Sorrows and
sufferings are his constant companions. He does not know what is joy and happiness.
He earns his living by working hard. Most of the time he is ill-paid and ill-
treated in every sphere of his life. Infact, the services of a day laborer plays
an importance role in our national life. So we should think about his rights and
show respect to them.
(14) A
farmer
A farmer is a person who does the work of farming is
known as a farmer. A farmer is a common figure in our country. He has a little
land, a pair of bullocks and some hand made tools. Most of the farmers have no
land. They cultivate other lands. A farmer generally gets up early in the
morning and goes to his land. He ploughs his land, sows the seeds and weeds
out. He comes home at noon.
Then he eats his meals, takes rest and again goes to the field. He works hard
in the field from morning till evening. He gets little crops. He does not know
how to plough his land scientifically. He can not buy seeds and fertilizer for
lack money. As a result, he can not produce more food for himself. He has both
pleasures and pains. If he gets a good a harvest, his face looks happy. On the
other hand, if crops are grown well, he knows no bounds. Actually the life of a farmer is very miserable. Sorrows and
sufferings are his constant companions. He does not know what is joy and happiness.
He leads a
simple life. In fine, a farmer is an asset of our country. He grows grow crops
for country. So, our government should give the farmers financial help or loan.
(15) A Street Beggar
A
street beggar is a person who begs for alms in roads and streets. He is a common figure in our country. He is
generally seen begging in the streets of towns and cities. He begs sitting or
standing from street to street. He is a very poor man and lives on begging and
others charity. He wears dirty and torn clothes. He carries a bowl with him. Whenever a
street beggar sees a passer-by, he begs alms by spreading the bowl towards the
passer-by. If anybody gives him alms, he becomes happy and prays to God for his
welfare. When he does not get any alms
or meal or money from any person, he becomes angry and unhappy. All the streets beggar
have their own way of lies and modes of approaching for alms. He tries his best
to draw the sympathy of the passers-by with his peculiar voice. He begs by singing or uttering by a few words of
the Quaran. Sometimes
he uses his tricks to earn more. The
life of a street beggar is very miserable.
He leads a simple life for his poverty. His life is full of sufferings. He
knows no bounds. In fact, though he is the poorest person of our society, we
have some duties. So, we should be kind and sympathetic to him.
(16) A Street Hawker
A man who sells various things by moving from
street to street is called a street hawker. He is a self-employed person. He is
a familiar figure in the cities and towns. He raises a strange outcry to draw
the attention of his customers .He wears a peculiar dress of different colours.
He tries to attract the attention of the customers by using different tricks.
He carries his goods either in bundles or in a basket. Sometimes he walks about
with his goods on a wheeled platform. His customers are usually children and
women. He usually sells toys, cosmetics, ready-made garments, daily
necessaries, utensils and balloons of various colors and shapes. Children and women
gather round him. He is a clever man. He goes out with his moving shop from
door to door when the elderly people are out on duty or business. He demands
higher price for his things from women and children. But he sells his things at
a cheaper rate. However, he is an expected person for some people. Although he
works hard, he can not ear a lot of money. Actually the life of a street hawker is very miserable. Sorrows
and sufferings are his constant companions. He does know what is joy and happiness.
All most all the time he leads a simple life.
(17) A Fisherman
A
fisherman is a person who earns his livelihood by catching and selling fishes.
Generally a fisherman lives by the rivers, big canals, marshy lands and seas
for his professional advantages. He is hard working and painstaking (Kó mwnÂzZ) . He uses nets and
boats for fishing. Some fishermen have nets but no boats. Some fishermen who
have boats and nets employ (wb‡qvM †`Iqv) other fishermen. Then they work in a group. A
fisherman is always busy in his work. While at home he repairs his boats or
nets and he paints his boats or dyes his nets. He catches fish in the seas,
rivers, and beels. His women-folk make new nets; his children dry fishes in the
sun and sell them in the market. He works hard all day and night. He has to
work in faul and fair weather. The life of a fisherman is very risky, miserable
and challenging because storms and cyclones may come at any time. Some
fishermen go to fish at night; some go to fish in the deep water or in the sea
from home for many days. When he catches a lot of fishes, his joy knows no
bounds. After all a fisherman does much good to us by supplying fishes.
Actually the life of a day a fisherman
is very miserable. Sorrows and sufferings are his constant companions. He does
not know what is joy and happiness. In spite of
being hard working he can not earn a lot of money. He leads a simple life.
Infact, A fisher man is person in our society. Government should take some
steps for the development of minimum standard of their livelihood
(18) Tree plantation
Tree plantation means to plant trees more and more.
It is also the process of planting trees .Now- a- days it has become a social
movement in our country. Trees are very useful for existence. They are related
deeply with our life and well-being. They are our best friends. Trees provide
us shelter, food, fruits, firewood, timber and oxygen. We get vitamins from
fruits. They prevent soil erosion, air pollution and floods. They also
effectively prevent the spread of the desert and landslides. They help us in
many ways. Human beings, birds, domestic and wild animals are dependent on
trees. We all should plant and grow trees more and more to maintain ecological
balance. We should take social forestry (ebwe`¨v) about tree plantation. We also create awareness
among the whole people about tree plantation. People should plant trees all
around where there is open space. Trees add to the beauty and quality of our
life and living. We have to plant trees in every bare space of land, the sea
beaches, the low –lying areas and the road sides .It is a matter of great
sorrow that some dishonest and greedy people cut down trees on a large scale.
Our government should take proper steps against them. Infact, trees are very
essential for human’s existence. The result of tree plantation will be positive
for human being in every sphere of life. For this, we all should plant trees
more and more to improve our adverse situation.
(19) Physical
exercise
Physical exercise means the regular movement of the
limbs of our body according to rules. It helps to develop the growth of
different organs of the body properly. Without physical exercise no one can
enjoy a good health. It makes a man strong and active and keeps him free from
diseases. He who takes physical exercise can build up a good health. On the other hand, he who does not take
physical exercise regularly can not build up a good health. There is a proverb in English that a sound
mind lives in a sound body. In order to
have a sound mind in a sound body we should take physical exercise. It helps
proper circulation of blood in out body and increases the power of digestion.
But all sorts of exercise are not suitable for men and women of all ages.
Walking is the best kind of exercise for all. Walking in the morning and
evening refreshes our body and mind. There are many people who do not take
physical exercise. They fall victim to many diseases. Physical exercise enables
us to build a good health which is the key to success. Infact physical exercise is very essential for
all. To lead a happy and healthy life we all should take regular physical
exercise.
(20) My Reading room
A reading room is a place where a student studies
attentively. He can use it freely. However, I am a student. So, I have a
reading room. It faces the south. It is one of the most beautiful room s in my
house. There are two doors and four windows in my reading. The room is very
comfortable. There are a fan, a chair, a table, a table clock and two lights in
my reading room. A beautiful picture is hung on the wall in my reading room.
Besides, there is a flower garden in front of my reading room. I have planted
various kinds of flowers in my flower garden. When the flowers bloom in, both
the garden and my reading room look very nice and attractive. The flower has
increased the beauty of my reading room. Infact, my reading room is undoubtedly
a good reading room.
(21) PA RICKSHAW PULLER
The
man who pulls rickshaw for money is called a rickshaw puller. A rickshaw puller
is a familiar person in cities and towns. He generally lives in a slum. Most of the rickshaw pullers have no their own rickshaws. They pull other
rickshaws by renting. However, a rickshaw puller is a poor man. His dress is very shabby and dirty. His income is
very low. He supports his family through much hardship. He works hard from
morning till late night. He is seen carrying passengers in both good and bad
weathers. He bargains with his passengers. He demands more when the weather is
very hot and foul. Sometimes he tries to cheat passengers. But most often he is
cheated by passengers. A rickshaw puller is seen sleeping on his rickshaw under
a tree or sitting idly on his rickshaw. Though he drives rickshaw from morning
till late night, he leads a very miserable life. His life is full of sorrows
and sufferings. He can not enjoy peace and happiness. If he becomes sick, he
can not drive his rickshaw. As a result, he and his family have to starve. Infact,
the services of a rickshaw puller plays an importance role in our national
life. So we should think about his rights and show respect to them.
(22) A Rainy Day
A rainy day means such a
day when it rains continuously all day long during the rainy season. It is a
common sight in our country. It is very dull and gloomy. In a rainy day the sky
is covered with thick of black clouds. The sun is not seen in the sky.
Sometimes it rains heavily cats and dogs. As a result, rivers, canals and tanks
swell up. Roads and paths become muddy and slippery. Water stands here and
there. Activities of normal life are stopped
due to heavy rain. None can move freely without umbrella from one place to
another. The common people cannot attend their respective places in time. If
anybody wants to go outside, he has to take an umbrella with him. The poor and
the day laborers do not like a rainy day. They cannot go out to earn their
living. Their suffering knows no bounds. They go on starving. On the other
hand, the rich enjoy the day in listening to music, watching TV, reading
novels. A rainy day is most welcomed to
the students, as they have no classes in the school. A rainy day brings joyous
mood to the young boys of the same age and they are seen to bathe in rainwater
with merriment. Those who have imaginary bent of mind enjoy the beauty of
nature being drenched (wf‡R / wm³ n‡q) in
rains. The cloudy sky lets loose their emotions. A rainy day has good effect on
the soil. It helps plants to grow, flowers to bloom and nature looks fresh and
beautiful. However, a rainy day is not pleasant to all.
population problem in bangladesh
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